 |
| molten bullet ball |
High Temperature Fires and Sept 11th 2001
https://youtu.be/TVx_1Zmo7Ww
9/11 Composites Scientists determined that heat levels in excess of two thousand degrees
Battle for Ground Zero: Inside the Political Struggle to Rebuild the World
"The museum hired specialists to perform forensic testing and analysis of two large composites and several smaller pieces that had broken off. Consequently, the museum conducted additional research, analyzing the heat levels that had created the fused material. Scientists determined that, at heat levels in excess of two thousand degrees Fahrenheit.. "
page 217
The museum hired specialists to perform forensic testing and analysis of two large composites and several smaller pieces that had broken off. All tests for microscopic traces of human DNA were negative. But the museum knew these tests were somewhat incomplete because
scientists could test only the composites outside surface; testing the interior risked destroying the artifacts. Consequently, the museum conducted additional research, analyzing the heat levels that had created the fused material. two thousand Scientists at heat levels in excess of degrees Fahrenheit, the possibility of there being human remains within the composites was exceedingly remote.
Page 217
The museum hired specialists to perform forensic testing and analysis of two large composites and several smaller pieces that had broken off. All tests for microscopic traces of human DNA were negative. But the museum knew these tests were somewhat incomplete because scientists could test only the composites' outside surface; testing the interior risked destroying the artifacts. Consequently, the museum conducted additional research, analyzing the heat levels that had created the fused material. Scientists determined that, at heat levels in excess of two thousand degrees Fahrenheit, the possibility of there being human remains within the composites was exceedingly remote. The museum also convened a planning meeting on the composite, (41e of a series of discussions the museum organized with involved
212 Michael Shulan, author interview, May 19, 2011.
212 Alice Greenwald, author interview, May 19, 2011.
212 Joe Daniels, author interview, March 26, 2013.
213 Ron Paul and Rudolph Giuliani, Republican Primary Debate, South Carolina, May 15, 2007, http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AD7dnMdwu0.
213 Katie Edgerton, author interview, May 20, 2011.
214 Ibid.
214 Ibid.
215 Liz Mazucci, author interview, May 19, 2011.
215 Michael Shulan, author interview, May 19, 2011.
216 Liz Mazucci, author interview, May 19, 2011.
217 Debra Burlingame, as quoted in "Museum Planning Conversation Series Report, 2006-2008," National September 11 Memorial Museum.
217 Diane Horning, as quoted in "Museum Planning Conversation Series Report, 2006-2008," National September 11 Memorial Museum.
218 "Focus Group Report for 9/11 Memorial and Museum Research on Museum," Landor Consulting, February 14, 2010.
https://www.911memorial.org/sites/default/files/2011_ConversationSeries.pdf
212 Joe Daniels, author interview, March 26, 2013.
213 Ron Paul and Rudolph Giuliani, Republican Primary Carolina, May 15, 2007, http://www.youtube.com/watch?v.1$
213 Katie Edgerton, author interview, May 20, 2011.
214 Ibid.
214 Ibid.
215 Liz Mazucci, author interview, May 19, 2011.
215 Michael Shulan, author interview, May 19, 2011.
216 Liz Mazucci, author interview, May 19, 2011.
217 Debra Burlingame, as quoted in "Museum Planning Con Report, 2006-2008," National September 11 Memorial
217 Diane Horning, as quoted in "Museum Planning Cony Report, 2006-2008," National September 11 Memorial I
218 "Focus Group Report for 9/11 Memorial and Musey Museum," Landor Consulting, February 14,2010.
Sean Brady reflects on the Citicorp tower crisis when high rise engineer William LeMessurier owned up to a major design flaw and set about rectifying it http://www.engineersjournal.ie/2015/12/08/citicorp-centre-tower-failure-averted/ Citicorp tower crisis was the opposite of WTC Tower crisis and both were done in secret and the effects are clear.. New building plans are made in advance April 2000 for WTC 7
CHAPTER 1: PEOPLE COME
3 Mark L., telephone conversation with author, June 17, 2002.
6 Numerous books document urban rebuilding efforts, including Edward Linenthal, The Unfinished Bombing: Oklahoma City in American Memory (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001); Andreas Huyssen, Present Pasts, Urban Palimpsests and the Politics of Memory (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2003); and Lisa Yoneyama, Hiroshima Traces: Time, Space, and the Dialectics of Memory (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1999).
7 Andrew Sullivan, "Rebuild It," The Daily Dish, Atlantic.com, September 14, 2001.
7 Crispin Sartwell, "Rebuilding after the Disaster: New Towers or New Flowers?" Philadelphia Inquirer, September 24, 2001.
8 David Friend, Watching the World Change (New York: Farrar Straus Giroux, 2006), 32.
9 Associated Press photographers captured numerous responses to 9/11 around the world. The mentioned events: (1) Berlin WW3: Jan Bauer, September 11, 2001; (2) Islamabad street: John McConnico, September 21, 2001; (3) European moment of silence: Noemi Bruzak, September 14, 2001; (4) Rome street rally: Corrado Giambalvo, September 20, 2001; (5) Chilean Students: Santiago Llanquin, September 22, 2001.
9 President George W. Bush, "Joint Address to Congress and the Nation," September 20, 2001.
11 Sam, author interview at WTC site, February 9, 2002.
12 Steve, Amy; author interviews at the WTC site, November 18, 2001.
12 Lev and Naomi, author interview at the WTC site, February 10, 2002.
13 Paul Grondahl, "Scrolls of Sorrow Find Home," Times Union, September 10, 2003.
14 Miles Richardson, "The Gift of Presence: The Act of Leaving Artifacts at Shrines, Memorials and Other Tragedies," in Textures of Place: Exploring Humanist Geographies, ed. P. C. Adams, S. D. Hoelscher, and K. E. Till (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2001), 257-72. 15 Mark L., telephone conversation with author, June 17, 2002.
16 Michael Shulan, author interview, May 25, 2010. Susan Sontag also dis-cusses the exhibit, and specifically its blurry lines between professional and amateur photographers, in Regarding the Pain of Others (New York: Picador, 2003), 27-29.
CHAPTER 2: THE LEASEHOLDER AND THE LANDOWNER
17 Port Authority press release, "Governor Pataki, Acting Governor DiFrancesco Laud Historic Port Authority Agreement to Privatize World Trade Center," July 24, 2001, Press Release Number: 101-2001.
18 "A Discussion with Larry Silverstein about the 9/11 Memorial," The Charlie Rose Show, February 27, 2003, PBS; Robin Finn, "Public Lives; Undaunted and Planning the Next Great Skyline," New York Times, February 15, 2002; Budd Mishkin, "One On 1: Developer Larry Silverstein," NY1, July 31, 2006.
19 Biographical information on Larry Silverstein comes from James Glanz and Eric Lipton, City in the Sky: The Rise and Fall of the World Trade Center (New York: Times Books, Henry Holt and Company, 2004).
20 Paul Goldberger makes a similar point about the negative effect of Larry Silverstein's early decisions in his book Up From Zero (New York: Random House 2004), 40-41.
20 Associated Press, "World Trade Center Landlord Envisages Four New Towers in Aftermath," September 22, 2001. 21 Tracy, author interview at the WTC site, January 23, 2002. 22 George Pataki, author interview, February 14, 2013.
23 Marshall Berman, All That Is Solid Melts into Air: The Experience of Modernity (New York: Penguin Books, 1982), 305.
23 Eric Darton details the Port Authority's creation in Divided We Stand: A Biography of New York's World Trade Center (New York: Basic Books, 1999), 41-43.
24 The earliest ideas for the WTC are chronicled in James Glanz and Eric Lipton, City in the Sky: The Rise and Fall of the World Trade Center (New York: Times Books, Henry Holt and Company, 2004); and Angus Kress Gillespie, Twin Towers: The Life of New York City's World Trade Center (New Jersey: Rutgers University Press, 1999).
24 Lower Manhattan Association Records, as recorded by James Glanz and Eric Lipton, City in the Sky: The Rise and Fall of the World Trade Center (New York: Times Books, Henry Holt and Company, 2004), 33.
26 Eric Darton chronicles the destruction of Radio Row in Divided We Stand (New York: Basic Books, 1999), 62-68.
27 Ada Louise Huxtable, "Who's Afraid of the Big, Bad Buildings?," New York Times, May 29, 1966.
28 Philippe Petit's walk is chronicled in, among others, the documentary Man
CHAPTER 3: ARCHITECTS
31 Rick Bell, author interview, April 19, 2002.
33 Jane Jacobs, The Death and Life of Great American Cities (New York: Vintage, 1992).
33 Author notes, New York New Visions meeting, Van Alen Institute, New York, November, 27, 2001.
34 "Memorials Process Team Briefing Book: Findings from Outreach, Temporary Memorials & Research Working Groups," New York New Visions, March 2002.
34 Tina Chui, author interview, December 7, 2001.
35 Monica Iken, author interview, September 26, 2002.
36 Tina Chui, author interview, December 7, 2001.
36 Author notes, New York New Visions meeting, Van Alen Institute, New York, November 16, 2001. 37 "Nous sommes tous americains," Le Monde, September 13, 2001; "Ground Zero, Madrid," New York Times, March 12, 2004.
38 Kevin Kennon, author interview, July 3, 2003. )-
41 The viewing platform's creation was reported by John Leland, "Letting the View Speak for Itself," New York Times, January 3, 2002; and by Robin Finn, "Instead of a Fancy Restaurant, Raw Wood," New York Times, January 9, 2002.
41 Rudolph Giuliani, "Farewell Address," December 27, 2001.
42 David Rockwell and Kurt Anderson, "David Rockwell Builds at Ground Zero," TED Talk, filmed February 2002, posted June 2007.
RAPIER
4: THE VIEWING PLATFORM
45 George Pataki, author interview, February 14, 2013.
46 Slide courtesy of Marilyn Jordan Taylor.
47 LMDC advisory councils, http://www.renewnyc.com/aboutus/advisory /index.asp.
48 Resident, author interview, February 24, 2002.
49 Neil, Tom, and Susan, author interview at the WTC site, January 23, 2002.
53 Monica Iken, author interview, September 23, 2002.
53 Letter published in "As Public Yearns to See Ground Zero, Survivors Call a Viewing Stand Ghoulish," New York Times, January 13, 2002.
53 Dean E. Murphy, "As Public Yearns to See Ground Zero, Survivors Call a Viewing Stand Ghoulish," New York Times, January 13, 2002.
54 Deyan Sudjic, "Can Anyone Do Justice to Ground Zero," Guardian, January 27, 2002.
55 Michael Wilson, "How to Say Enough Gracefully; Trinity Church Ponders Future of a Sept. 11 Memorial," New York Times, October 11, 2002.
56 Craig Williams, author interview at the WTC site, July 31, 2002.
CHAPTER 5: THE FENCE
59 Adam Nagourney, "Ground Zero: The Site. Mayor Gets A Bigger Say On Rebuilding," New York Times, March 7, 2002. A photograph of the proposed wall accompanied the article, with the following caption: "A 30-foot-high wall made of wood may be erected around the site of the World Trade Center, shown in a picture taken on Tuesday. A state offi-cial said yesterday that it was intended to block a disconcerting view."
59 Rick Bell, author interview, September 17, 2002.
60 Diana Balmori, author interview, January 8, 2003; The New York New Visions design was also chronicled in multiple newspapers, in-cluding Katia Hotter, "WTC Wall Will Have Removable Panels," New York Newsday, April 19, 2002; and Edward Wyatt, "Viewing Wall Proposed at Trade Center Site," New York Times, April 18, 2002.
61 Mark Wagner, author interview, June 24, 2004.
61 Robert Frost, "Mending Wall," 1914.
62 Mark Wagner, author interview, August 4, 2004.
63 Author notes on viewing fence, October 2002.
64 Carol Willis, phone conversation with author, April 19, 2004.
65 Mark Wagner, author interview, August 4, 2004.
66 Family from Scotland, author interview at the WTC site, October 3, 2002.
68 Author notes on viewing fence, July 2002. This change was also chron-icled in "Defaced Panels Removed at Ground Zero," New York Times, July 6, 2003; and Glenn Collins, "Look Up, and Trade Center's Story is Readable Again," New York Times, September 13, 2003.
69 Father and child, author interview at WTC site, July 7, 2003.
CHAPTER 6: THE PEOPLE VERSUS THE PORT AUTHORITY
72 Author notes. "Listening Session." Pace University. organized by the Lower Manhattan Development Corporation, May 23, 2002.
73 Lou Tomson, as quoted in Paul Goldberger, Up From Zero (New York: Random House 2004), 98.
74-77 Author notes and interviews, "Listening to the City," July 20, 2002. The results of the hearing were also published in "Listening to the City, Report of Proceedings," by the Civic Alliance to Rebuild Downtown New York, August 2002.
78 Leslie Eaton, "Visions of Ground Zero: The Plans; New York Embraces Commerce, as It Always Has," New York Times, July 21, 2002.
78 Herbert Muschamp, "An Appraisal, Marginal Role for Architecture at Ground Zero," New York Times, May 23, 2002.
79 George Pataki, author interview, February 14, 2013.
80 Robert Yaro, as quoted in Paul Goldberger, Up From Zero (New York: Random House 2004),
180. 81 Design Studies, Lower Manhattan Development Corporation, December 2002.
83 Herbert Muschamp, "Balancing Reason and Emotion in Twin Towers Void," New York Times, February 7, 2003.
85 Janno Lieber, author interview, September 21, 2012.
86 Alex Garvin, author interview, August 12, 2010.
86 George Pataki, author interview, February 14, 2013.
86 The possibility of a land swap was discussed in Paul Goldberger, Up From Zero (New York: Random House, 2004),
128-30; and Philip Nobel, Sixteen Acres: Architecture and the Outrageous Struggle for the Future of Ground Zero (New York: Metropolitan Books, 2005),
127-28.
87 George Pataki, author interview, February 14, 2013.
ChAPTER 7: LADY LIBERTY AND THE FREEDOM TOWER
92 Libeskind interview published in "Jewish Museum Berlin: Architect Daniel Libeskind" (Berlin: G-1-13 Arts International, 2000).
92 Daniel Libeskind, author interview, September 27, 2012.
NOTES
245
140 Patrick Healy, "Pataki Warns Cultural Groups for Museum at Ground Zero," New York Times, June 25, 2005.
140 Editorial, "Keeping Ground Zero Free," New York Times, July 12, 2005.
140 Debra Burlingame, author interview, February 12, 2012.
140 Burlingame recounted the interaction between Gardner and Clinton to me during our February 2012 interview.
141 Manny Fernandez, "Clinton Says She Opposes Freedom Center," New York Times, September 24, 2005; David Dunlap, "Governor Bars Freedom Center at Ground Zero," New York Times, September 28, 2005.
141 Richard Tofel, author interview, September 11, 2008.
141 George Pataki, author interview, February 14, 2013.
142 Richard Tofel, author interview, September 11, 2008.
143 Debra Burlingame, author interview, February 22, 2012.
146 Seth Pinsky, author interview, January 19, 2012.
147 Janno Lieber, author interview, September 21, 2012.
147 Seth Pinsky, author interview, January 19, 2012.
148 Janno Lieber, author interview, September 21, 2012.
149 Charles Gargano, as quoted in Charles V. Bagli, "Negotiations Break Down for Trade Center Plan," New York Times, March 15, 2006.
149 Janno Lieber, author interview, September 21, 2012.
150 Seth Pinsky, author interview, January 19, 2012.
151 George Pataki, author interview, February 14, 2012.
151 Janno Lieber, author interview, September 21, 2012.
151 George Pataki, author interview, February 14, 2012.
152 Memorial costs and report: Charles V. Bagli and David W. Dunlap, "Memorial Cost at Ground Zero Nears $1 Billion," New York Times, May 5, 2006.
154 Author notes and interviews, September 11, 2008.
155 Wearechange.com/about. 159 Sarah Palin, press conference, World Trade Center site, September 25, 2008.
CHAPTER 12: ANTI-MONUMENTALISM
163 Chris Ward, author interview, September 19, 2012.
164 Ibid.
164 Ibid.
164 Ibid.
165 Ibid.
165 Ibid.
165 Governor Pataki quoted in David Dunlap, "Farwell to 'Freedom' for a While," New York Times, March 3, 2008.
166 Douglas Feiden, " 'Freedom' out at WTC: Port Authority says The Freedom Tower is now 1 World Trade Center," Daily News, March 27, 2009.
166 Parenthesis, David Dunlap, "The 'Freedom Tower' Name Roars Back," New York Times, March 27, 2009.
186 Ibid.
187 Ibid.
188 Ibid.
188 Ibid.
188 Michael Eisner, as quoted in Joe Hagan, "The Breaking of Michael Arad," New York (magazine), May 14, 2006.
190 Frank Sciame, "World Trade Center Memorial: Draft Recommendations and Analysis," prepared for the Lower Manhattan Development Corporation, June 20, 2006.
190 Michael Arad, author interview, September 24, 2012.
CHAPTER 14: THE ISLAMIC CENTER
194 Imam Feisal, quoted in Ralph Blumenthal and Sharaf Mowjood, "Muslim Prayers and Renewal Near Ground Zero," New York Times, December 8, 2009.
195 Anne Barnard, "For Muslim Center Sponsors, Early Missteps Fueled Storm," New York Times, August 11, 2010.
196 Jeff Jacoby, "A Mosque at Ground Zero?" Boston Globe, June 6, 2010.
196 Gabriel Winant, "Ground Zero Mosque Touches Off Right-Wing Panic," Salon, May 27, 2010. 197 Caroline May, "Rick Lazio and Andrew Cuomo fight over Ground Zero mosque," The Daily Caller, August 8, 2010.
197 Harry Reid, quoted in Carl Hulse, "G.O.P Seizes on Islamic Center Near Ground Zero as Election Issue," New York Times, August 17, 2010.
197 President Obama, quoted in Sheryl Gay Stolberg, "Obama Says Mosque Remarks Were About Rights," New York Times, August 15, 2010.
198 Michael Barbaro, "Bloomberg's Fierce Defense of Muslim Center Has Deep Roots," New York Times, August 13, 2010.
199 Author field notes from protests at the World Trade Center site, September 10, 2010, and September 11, 2010. 200 The numbers for the protests were cited in Joe Walker, Douglas Montero, Amber Sutherland, and Kathianne Boniello, "Thousands Rally For, Against Mosque on Tragic Day," New York Post, September 11, 2010.
201 Field notes from protests at the World Trade Center site, September 11, 2010.
203 Anthony Weiner, "Why I Was Angry," New York Times, August 3, 2010.
CHAPTER 15: THE MUSEUM
205 Michael Shulan, author interview, May 19, 2011.
206 Jan Ramirez, author interview, May 20, 2011.
206 Alice Greenwald, author interview, May 19, 2011.
207 Ibid. 208 Michael Shulan, author interview, May 19, 2011. 208 Ibid.
208 Alice Greenwald, author interview, May 19, 2011.
209 Jan Ramirez, author interview, May 20, 2011.
209 Michael Shulan, author interview, May 19, 2011.
209 Jan Ramirez, author interview, May 20, 2011.
210 Alice Greenwald, author interview, May 19, 2011.
211 Katie Edgerton, author interview, May 20, 2011.
212 Ibid. 212 Michael Shulan, author interview, May 19, 2011.
212 Alice Greenwald, author interview, May 19, 2011.
212 Joe Daniels, author interview, March 26, 2013.
213 Ron Paul and Rudolph Giuliani, Republican Primary Debate, South Carolina, May 15, 2007, http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AD7dnFDdwuO.
213 Katie Edgerton, author interview, May 20, 2011.
214 Ibid. 214 Ibid.
215 Liz Mazucci, author interview, May 19, 2011.
215 Michael Shulan, author interview, May 19, 2011.
216 Liz Mazucci, author interview, May 19, 2011.
217 Debra Burlingame, as quoted in "Museum Planning Conversation Series Report, 2006-2008," National September 11 Memorial Museum. 217 Diane Horning, as quoted in "Museum Planning Conversation Series Report, 2006-2008," National September 11 Memorial Museum. 218 "Focus Group Report for 9/11 Memorial and Museum Research on Museum," Landor Consulting, February 14, 2010.
CHAPTER 16: A DEATH. THE DURSTS, AND AN ANNIVERSARY
222 Michael Moore, "Some Final Thoughts on the Death of Osama bin Laden," May 12, 2011, http://www.michaelmoore.com/words/mike-friends -blog/some-final-thoughts-on-death-of-osama-bin-laden. 222 Mona Eltahawy, "No Dignity at Ground Zero," Guardian, May 2, 2011. 223 Charles Krauthammer, "Evil Does Not Die of Natural Causes," Washington Post, May 5, 2011. 223 Alice Greenwald, author interview, May 19, 2011. 224 Author field notes, World Trade Center site, May 5, 2011. 225 Chris Ward, author interview, September 19, 2012. 226 Douglas Durst and Anthony Malkin, "An Open Letter to the Port Authority of NY & NJ and Governor Eliot Spitzer Recommending a Reconsideration of the Development Plan for the Freedom Tower," Wall Street Journal, February 23, 2007. 226 David Lombino, "Durst and Malkin Could Lose Big If Tower Is Built," New York Sun, March 2, 2007. 227 Durst spoke about his ownership stake in Andrew Rice, "The Saving of Ground Zero," Bloomberg Businessweek, August 3, 2011. 227 George Pataki, author interview, February 14, 2013. 228 Larry Silverstein, author interview, March 15, 2013. 228 Ibid. 229 Ibid. 230 Bonnie Giebfried, as quoted in Jeff Stein, "First Responders Decry Exclusion from 9/11 Ceremony," CNN, August 16, 2011. 230 Christopher Hawthorne, "Feeling the Void," Los Angeles Times, August 12. 2011. 230 Martin Filler, "A Masterpiece at Ground Zero," New York Review of Books, October 27, 2011. 231 Daniel Libeskind, author interview, September 24, 2012. 231 Michael Arad, author interview, September 21, 2012.
EPILOGUE: 2011—
236 Joe Nocera speaks out against the Port Authority's toll increases in "9/11's White Elephant," New York Times, August 19, 2011. 238 President Barack Obama, "Speech for Victims of the Boston Bombing," April 18, 2013. 238 Joe Daniels, "We Stand United With Boston," e-mail message, April 18, 2013.
147 Janno Lieber, author interview, September 21, 2012.
147 Seth Pinsky, author interview, January 19, 2012.
148 Janno Lieber, author interview, September 21, 2012.
149 Charles Gargano, as quoted in Charles V. Bagli, "Negotiations Break Down for Trade Center Plan," New York Times, March 15, 2006.
149 Janno Lieber, author interview, September 21, 2012.
150 Seth Pinsky, author interview, January 19, 2012.
151 George Pataki, author interview, February 14, 2012.
151 Janno Lieber, author interview, September 21, 2012.
151 George Pataki, author interview, February 14, 2012.
152 Memorial costs and report: Charles V. Bagli and David W. Dunlap, "Memorial Cost at Ground Zero Nears $1 Billion," New York Times, May 5, 2006.
154 Author notes and interviews, September 11, 2008.
155 Wearechange.com/about. 159 Sarah Palin, press conference, World Trade Center site, September 25, 2008.
CHAPTER 12: ANTI-MONUMENTALISM
163 Chris Ward, author interview, September 19, 2012.
164 Ibid.
164 Ibid.
164 Ibid.
165 Ibid.
165 Ibid.
165 Governor Pataki quoted in David Dunlap, "Farwell to 'Freedom' for a While," New York Times, March 3, 2008.
166 Douglas Feiden, " 'Freedom' out at WTC: Port Authority says The Freedom Tower is now 1 World Trade Center," Daily News, March 27, 2009.
166 Parenthesis, David Dunlap, "The 'Freedom Tower' Name Roars Back," New York Times, March 27, 2009.
186 Ibid.
187 Ibid.
188 Ibid.
188 Ibid.
188 Michael Eisner, as quoted in Joe Hagan, "The Breaking of Michael Arad," New York (magazine), May 14, 2006.
190 Frank Sciame, "World Trade Center Memorial: Draft Recommendations and Analysis," prepared for the Lower Manhattan Development Corporation, June 20, 2006.
190 Michael Arad, author interview, September 24, 2012.
CHAPTER 14: THE ISLAMIC CENTER
194 Imam Feisal, quoted in Ralph Blumenthal and Sharaf Mowjood, "Muslim Prayers and Renewal Near Ground Zero," New York Times, December 8, 2009.
195 Anne Barnard, "For Muslim Center Sponsors, Early Missteps Fueled Storm," New York Times, August 11, 2010.
196 Jeff Jacoby, "A Mosque at Ground Zero?" Boston Globe, June 6, 2010.
196 Gabriel Winant, "Ground Zero Mosque Touches Off Right-Wing Panic," Salon, May 27, 2010. 197 Caroline May, "Rick Lazio and Andrew Cuomo fight over Ground Zero mosque," The Daily Caller, August 8, 2010.
197 Harry Reid, quoted in Carl Hulse, "G.O.P Seizes on Islamic Center Near Ground Zero as Election Issue," New York Times, August 17, 2010.
197 President Obama, quoted in Sheryl Gay Stolberg, "Obama Says Mosque Remarks Were About Rights," New York Times, August 15, 2010.
198 Michael Barbaro, "Bloomberg's Fierce Defense of Muslim Center Has Deep Roots," New York Times, August 13, 2010.
199 Author field notes from protests at the World Trade Center site, September 10, 2010, and September 11, 2010. 200 The numbers for the protests were cited in Joe Walker, Douglas Montero, Amber Sutherland, and Kathianne Boniello, "Thousands Rally For, Against Mosque on Tragic Day," New York Post, September 11, 2010.
201 Field notes from protests at the World Trade Center site, September 11, 2010.
203 Anthony Weiner, "Why I Was Angry," New York Times, August 3, 2010.
CHAPTER 15: THE MUSEUM
205 Michael Shulan, author interview, May 19, 2011.
206 Jan Ramirez, author interview, May 20, 2011.
206 Alice Greenwald, author interview, May 19, 2011.
207 Ibid. 208 Michael Shulan, author interview, May 19, 2011. 208 Ibid.
208 Alice Greenwald, author interview, May 19, 2011.
209 Jan Ramirez, author interview, May 20, 2011.
209 Michael Shulan, author interview, May 19, 2011.
209 Jan Ramirez, author interview, May 20, 2011.
210 Alice Greenwald, author interview, May 19, 2011.
211 Katie Edgerton, author interview, May 20, 2011.
212 Ibid. 212 Michael Shulan, author interview, May 19, 2011.
212 Alice Greenwald, author interview, May 19, 2011.
212 Joe Daniels, author interview, March 26, 2013.
213 Ron Paul and Rudolph Giuliani, Republican Primary Debate, South Carolina, May 15, 2007, http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AD7dnFDdwuO.
213 Katie Edgerton, author interview, May 20, 2011.
214 Ibid. 214 Ibid.
215 Liz Mazucci, author interview, May 19, 2011.
215 Michael Shulan, author interview, May 19, 2011.
216 Liz Mazucci, author interview, May 19, 2011.
217 Debra Burlingame, as quoted in "Museum Planning Conversation Series Report, 2006-2008," National September 11 Memorial Museum. 217 Diane Horning, as quoted in "Museum Planning Conversation Series Report, 2006-2008," National September 11 Memorial Museum. 218 "Focus Group Report for 9/11 Memorial and Museum Research on Museum," Landor Consulting, February 14, 2010.
CHAPTER 16: A DEATH. THE DURSTS, AND AN ANNIVERSARY
222 Michael Moore, "Some Final Thoughts on the Death of Osama bin Laden," May 12, 2011, http://www.michaelmoore.com/words/mike-friends -blog/some-final-thoughts-on-death-of-osama-bin-laden. 222 Mona Eltahawy, "No Dignity at Ground Zero," Guardian, May 2, 2011. 223 Charles Krauthammer, "Evil Does Not Die of Natural Causes," Washington Post, May 5, 2011. 223 Alice Greenwald, author interview, May 19, 2011. 224 Author field notes, World Trade Center site, May 5, 2011. 225 Chris Ward, author interview, September 19, 2012. 226 Douglas Durst and Anthony Malkin, "An Open Letter to the Port Authority of NY & NJ and Governor Eliot Spitzer Recommending a Reconsideration of the Development Plan for the Freedom Tower," Wall Street Journal, February 23, 2007. 226 David Lombino, "Durst and Malkin Could Lose Big If Tower Is Built," New York Sun, March 2, 2007. 227 Durst spoke about his ownership stake in Andrew Rice, "The Saving of Ground Zero," Bloomberg Businessweek, August 3, 2011. 227 George Pataki, author interview, February 14, 2013. 228 Larry Silverstein, author interview, March 15, 2013. 228 Ibid. 229 Ibid. 230 Bonnie Giebfried, as quoted in Jeff Stein, "First Responders Decry Exclusion from 9/11 Ceremony," CNN, August 16, 2011. 230 Christopher Hawthorne, "Feeling the Void," Los Angeles Times, August 12. 2011. 230 Martin Filler, "A Masterpiece at Ground Zero," New York Review of Books, October 27, 2011. 231 Daniel Libeskind, author interview, September 24, 2012. 231 Michael Arad, author interview, September 21, 2012.
EPILOGUE: 2011—
236 Joe Nocera speaks out against the Port Authority's toll increases in "9/11's White Elephant," New York Times, August 19, 2011. 238 President Barack Obama, "Speech for Victims of the Boston Bombing," April 18, 2013. 238 Joe Daniels, "We Stand United With Boston," e-mail message, April 18, 2013.
226 Douglas Durst and Anthony Malkin, "An Open Letter to the Port Authority of NY & NJ and Governor Eliot Spitzer Recommending a Reconsideration of the Development Plan for the Freedom Tower," Wall Street Journal, February 23, 2007.
226 David Lombino, "Durst and Malkin Could Lose Big If Tower Is Built," New York Sun, March 2, 2007.
227 Durst spoke about his ownership stake in Andrew Rice, "The Saving of Ground Zero," Bloomberg Businessweek, August 3, 2011.
227 George Pataki, author interview, February 14, 2013.
228 Larry Silverstein, author interview, March 15, 2013.
228 Ibid. 229 Ibid. 230 Bonnie Giebfried, as quoted in Jeff Stein, "First Responders Decry Exclusion from 9/11 Ceremony," CNN, August 16, 2011.
230 Christopher Hawthorne, "Feeling the Void," Los Angeles Times, August 12, 2011.
231 Michael Arad, author interview, September 21, 2012.
EPILOGUE: 2011—
236 Joe Nocera speaks out against the Port Authority's toll increases in "9/11's White Elephant," New York Times, August 19, 2011.
238 President Barack Obama, "Speech for Victims of the Boston Bombing," April 18, 2013. 238 Joe Daniels, "We Stand United With Boston," e-mail message, April 18, 2013.
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